CHAPTER 1: - INDICES AND LOGARITHMS(JSS3 AND SS1)
LAWS OF INDICES(PART 1)
The following laws of indices are true for all values of n, I and x ≠0.
1. xn × x? = xn??
2. xn ÷ x? = xn??
3. x° = 1, x ≠0
4. x-n = 
5. (xn)? = xn?
6. x
= 
7. x
= 
or (
)n
EXAMPLE 1
Simplify
a. 102 × 10³
b. 22n7 ÷ 2n³
c. 19°
d. 5?2
e. 2³ × (
)?¹
f. r × r° × r?5.
a) 102 × 10³ = (10 × 10) × (10 × 10 × 10)
= 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10
= 105
Check: 102 × 103 = 102+3 = 105 (Law 1)
b) 22n7 ÷ 2n3 = 
× n7-3 = 11n4 (Law 2)
Check:
22n7 ÷ 2n3
= 
= 11 × n × n × n × n = 11 × n4
= 11n4
a) 190 = 1 (Law 3)
Check:
190 = 19n-n (since n – n = 0)
= 
(Law 2)
= 1 (num. and denom. are equal)
b) 5?2 = 
= 
(Law 4)
Check:
5?2 = 5°?²
= 
(Law 2)
= (Law 3)
=
c) 23 × () ?¹ = 8 × 
(Law 4)
= 8 × 6 = 48
d) r × r° × r?5 = r1?°?(?5) (Law 1)
= r?4 = 
or r × r° × r?5 = r1 × 1 × 
(Laws 3
= and 4)
EMAIL: ebuleprecio@gmail.com
AUTHOR: EBULE PRECIOUS ORITSEMEYIWA
LOCATION: WARRI, DELTA STATE
Copyright: Fresh Angle International (www.freshangleng.com)
ISSN 2354 - 4104
Sponsored Ad
Our strategic editorial policy of promoting journalism, anchored on the tripod of originality, speed and efficiency, would be further enhanced with your financial support.
Your kind contribution, to our desire to become a big global brand, should be credited to our account:
Fresh Angle Nig. Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0130931842.
BANK GTB.
×
![]()